Anand Mahindra Profile

Anand Mahindra * Passionate trend-setter * I consider myself a â€Å"right brained individual. † * The entire inclination in this organization has been one of trusteeship. * Innovators are non-conventionalists. Pioneers and business visionaries are the individuals who have enormous trust in their capacities. * If taught appropriately, Indians are best in class on the planet. * I stress when times are acceptable. * It’s never just about the cash, it can’t be. Else I don’t figure you can get extraordinary outcomes. Course of events 1955: Born in Mumbai, Maharashtra 981: Returned to India and joined Mahindra Ugine Steel Company (MUSCO) as an Executive Assistant to the Finance Director 1989: Became the President of this driving gathering 1991: Became the Deputy Managing Director of the Mahindra & Mahindra Group 1997: Became the Managing Director of the Mahindra & Mahindra Group 2003:Became the Vice-Chairman of the Mahindra & Mahindra Gr oup 2004: Knight of the Order of Merit by the President of the French Republic. 2005: Person of the Year from Auto Monitor and Leadership Award from the American India Foundation. 006: Received the CNBC Asia Business Leader Award and Entrepreneur of the Year Award by the Ludhiana Management Association. 2007: Received the Inspiring Corporate Leader of the Year Award from NDTV Profit. Foundation (From movies to business) Anand Mahindra, 50, was educated at the Lawrence school in Lovedale. He finished his alumni learns at Harvard College in Arts, lining it up with a MBA from Harvard Business School. His fatherly uncle, Keshub Mahindra, is the present director of the company.He is hitched to Anuradha Mahindra, who is the renowned proofreader of the magazines ‘Verve' and ‘Man's World' and is the Editor-in-Chief of Rolling Stone India. The couple together has two girls. A socialist in his school days You don’t discover a Harvard graduate who earned a summa cum laude (L atin for â€Å"with most noteworthy honour†) in film, heading one of India’s biggest auto organizations. A self-admitted ‘right-brained individual, Anand Mahindra accepts this respect from Harvard was a purifying encounter and denoted the finish of his rebellion.It additionally demonstrated to doubters that he could set up himself in a field where his family was absent, as opposed to strolling the simpler way of joining and maintaining an acquired privately-owned company. Anand, additionally a Communist gathering part in his school days, immovably accepts that development and imagination are mentalities and one needs to continually address one’s heading in life †something he says he doesn’t see in today’s youth, who he accepts are engaged and comprehend what they need from day one.Anand started his vocation in a gathering organization †Mahindra Ugine Steel (MUSCO) †taking it through the turbulent mid eighties haggling with trad e guilds in the steel business, a period he calls a â€Å"trial by fire†. Anand in the long run joined M;amp;M in 1991, and turned into the Managing Director in 1997. He has a solid feeling of pride in the work he does, and accepts given the correct instruction Indians are best in class on the planet. The Scorpio achievement factor of course, the Scorpio remains Anand’s greatest achievement.Or, as he puts it, â€Å"The size of hazard we took is our greatest achievement†. The Scorpio, strikingly enough was conceived, not as a particular SUV venture, however as a thought from a 26-year-old architect who was a piece of a group constructing a 13-seater Utility Vehicle. The forcing Rs6bn financial plan for building up the Scorpio was an enormous hazard to take and an obstacle to cross. Anand took the wager, persuading the Board that it was the route forward. The rest, obviously is history. Land †changing the way individuals liveAnand refers to driving advancemen t across M;amp;M and the whole Mahindra Group as another key accomplishment. His concept of setting up exceptional world class edifices (â€Å"World Cities†) that comprehensively coordinate the necessities of work and family is an a valid example. Notwithstanding restriction from the board (â€Å"For five years individuals thought I was mad†), Anand held his position that â€Å"We’re changing the manner in which individuals live in these townships. † sufficiently sure, Mahindra Gesco (the holding organization) as of now has orders worth Rs15bn and takers like Infosys for it’s Mahindra World City, Chennai venture. The bluechip criteria† The way that the Mahindra Group comprises of a horde of organizations appears to scrutinize the whole idea of core interest. Nonetheless, Anand accepts that he as of now â€Å"chopped the deadwood† in 1994 (leaving organizations like atomic building, oil boring, and so on) and set six zones as key center organizations for the gathering. Every one of these gatherings needs to meet â€Å"the bluechip criteria,† which implies the business should: (a) be a pioneer in its industry; (b) have development as a key model; (c) have worldwide potential; and (d) convey on requesting budgetary goals.Six center zones for the gathering With Anand expelling himself from dynamic administration (â€Å"kicking myself upstairs†), all the organizations were given committed presidents to give administrative core interest. He thinks giving administrative and money related freedom to these organizations is the thing that separates them from the traditional aggregate structure that will in general spotlight on top-administration control. Anand is presently pushing ahead to list every one of these organizations, which are as various as Mahindra-British Telecom (IT), Club Mahindra (time-share occasions) and M;amp;M Financial Services. These will be IPOed and will in this way become autonomous. † The five chamber motor in automobiles simultaneously, Anand additionally opposed strain to cut out M;amp;M’s auto business into a different organization. â€Å"If we do it right, I have a superior possibility of turning Mahindra as an all around perceived religion brand, than I do, attempting to transform it into General Motors. † Anand sees M;amp;M as a three-chamber motor, comprising of UVs, tractors and segments. He is concentrating on building M;amp;M as a â€Å"auto competency group† by making verticals having similar stages, for example, coordinations, acquisition and ngineering. His way of thinking for M;amp;M is â€Å"When you assemble more verticals you recreate the scale and get a bigger organization without losing the specialty center. † With the ongoing tie-ups with Renault and International Trucks, Anand accepts he has now made a â€Å"five-chamber engine†. Advantages for M;amp;M’s center auto business are now streaming in †for instance M;amp;M is presently taking advantage of Renault’s worldwide obtainment frameworks. Clear focuses for every business Anand has away from for each of M;amp;M’s three cylinders.UVs †to be an all around perceived brand, tractors †to be a prevailing player, and auto parts †to be the biggest car segment aggregate in India (â€Å"We’d like to be a Dana, Spicer or a Lear. †). Thus, for the gathering Anand doesn’t have confidence in one single objective. He picks, rather to concentrate on administration, advancement, a worldwide nearness and conveying on the financials. Everything else, including size, which he accepts doesn’t matter, will at that point follow. What he does with his leisure time Anand invests as much energy as possible with his family and those close and dear.A companion once disclosed to him that life resembles a lot of elastic and glass balls that you need to shuffle constantly. You need to kno w, which are the glass balls, and you never drop those. The elastic ones continue bobbing and you can get them en route. An unquenchable peruser by his own affirmation Anand doesn't peruse business books since they become outdated. He lean towards business magazines, for example, Harvard Business Review, BusinessWeek and Fortune. In fiction, Anand is a major devotee of the Booker Prize winning writer, Ian McEwan.

Rich World Poor World

Obligation is made when one gathering owes party cash (Sofas, 2005). Much the same as individuals, administrations of both created and creating countries obtain cash so as to work well and to keep up their economies (George, 1994). Obligation is the monetary mode that advances financial action in the worldwide market (Lombard, 2004). The securing of obligation comes through advances, awards and help that are given to created and creating countries by multilateral leasers and two-sided moneylenders George, 1994).These loan bosses are universal foundations, for example, the International Monetary Fund (MIFF), the World Bank (WEB) and other financial establishments (Millet and Toasting, 2004). The universal network with their neo-liberal methodology and entrepreneur thoughts of annihilating destitution was through, monetary development and advancement (Schaeffer, 2009). Because of expanded benefits (petroleum dollars) made off expanded oil costs creating nations were empowered and some even pressured to obtain cash from created countries in the backtalk's and backtalk (George, 1994).Although their benefits were put resources into Western banks it didn't yield amazing returns along these lines urging the worldwide South to get obligation (George, 1994). The worldwide South got a handle on the chance and obtained cash to propel their framework (streets and dams) and furthermore support mechanical undertakings in their nations Airman, 2006). A few nations even acquired more cash what they required. So sharp the created countries were to get cash that they ignored any good and moral guidelines they may have had, and conceded credits purposely, to degenerate governments and military systems (George, 1994).Unfortunately like everything else this spending binge didn't last and went to an unexpected end in the sass's, which even left the United States economy in a downturn (Study Guide, 2012). Creating nations had obtained such a lot of cash that local money and large sca le economies fallen, incapacitating everything Airman, 2006). This made the main universal obligation emergency of the basic time (George, 1994). At the point when Mexico reported their failure to make obligation reimbursements in 1982, it stunned the budgetary network (Ambition, 2004).The effect of the obligation emergency influenced the whole worldwide racket, making premiums rise, ware costs to fall, and pay income to fall (Lombard, 2004). This in the long run made it hard for creating countries to make obligation reimbursements. The Western countries acted rapidly and dealt with their economy and for them the obligation emergency was soon finished (George, 1994). Shockingly the obligation emergency and the bad dream for the poor creating nations were a long way from being.In certainty it had just barely started when they ended up confronted with a lot greater obligation than they at first procured this regardless of having made reimbursements since the backtalk's (George, 1994). Despite the fact that Mexico was the first to default on their obligation alarm (Lombard, 2004). Developing worries for the money related steadiness of the loaning organizations, significant leasers, and universal budgetary foundations, looked for new systems to address the loaning measures so as to bring obligation help (Millet ; Toasting, 2004).This brought about the usage of the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiatives (HIP), and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiatives, under the management of the World Bank and the International Monetary store (Sofas, 2005). As indicated by the MIFF and the World Bank these associations were the response to the wager emergency (Sofas, 2005). The idea that the obligation emergency is finished, is simply a legend and we will see. This paper will uncover the causes and effects that came about because of these obligation help associations, and burn the legend of the obligation emergency having been addressed.The obligation emergency influenced t he lives and dreams of numerous individuals living in creating nations Airman, 2006). Obligation is the same old thing yet as the obligation emergency developed the hole between the rich and poor extended Airman, 2006). A nation obligation isn't simply estimated by the size of their specific obligation, yet in addition plainly how it effects or impacts that country's economy Airman, 2006). A nation GAP (GDP) per capita is likewise an away from of a nations ability to support their obligation, yet to likewise guarantee that the wellbeing and prosperity of their residents are met (George, 1994).If this doesn't occur then obviously there is an issue, a money related one as well as a compassionate one (George, 1994). This was the outcome for some poor creating nations that prompted the obligation emergency Airman, 2006). In any case, it was not just creating countries that had obligation, United States is the world's greatest account holder tit $6 trillion being owed at 2002 Airman, 200 6). The all out obligation owed by creating countries on the planet came to 2. 5 trillion dollars in 1999 Airman, 2006). In Nicaragua (Latin America) their obligation reimbursements in 2004 devoured 43% of their complete income Airman, 2006).Many observers contended that the obligation emergency was likewise because of flippant loaning by the Western Nations (Millet ; Toasting, 2004). Like the Bhutan atomic force station in the Philippines, that was based on a well of lava in 1974 Airman, 2006). An unmistakable sign where deceiving exhortation caused poor creating overspent to settle on wrong choices Airman, 2006). An atomic force plant that had never under any circumstance been utilized, yet an obligation that was brought about with intrigue are relied upon to even now be reimbursed Airman, 2006). What abuse of the poor!The Jubilee 2000 (social equity gathering) anteroom's that obligation emergency be perceived and that uncalled for obligation like the Philippines be dropped Airman , 2006). They contended that poor nations can't stand to make reimbursements without meeting the fundamental needs (instruction, food, medicinal services) of their residents (Cheer, 2002). They keep up that obligation was directed on out of line standing and contracted unlawfully (Cheer, 2002). Celebration contends that all obligations be excused on the grounds that it propagates a perceived leverage Voluble Debt Campaign, 2007).The answer for the obligation emergency was rebuilding the obligation of creating and created nations (Millet and Toasting, 2004). The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank framed Structural Adjustments Programmed (SAPS), to give obligation alleviation and get it to economical levels request to look after reimbursements (Millet and Toasting, 2004). SAP's were restriction's set up explicitly for poor creating nations to meet their obligation reimbursement commitments (Cheer, 2002).They squired that poor creating nations raise loan costs, cut governme nt boundaries on exchange, increment their fare creation and even dropped dies down on neighborhood food creation and medicinal services (Cheer, 2002). This was met with analysis and caused shock on the planet. Pundits contended that the West utilized controlling measures to control the financial strategies in the poor creating counters Voluble, 2000). At the point when Jamaica joined with the MIFF and SAP conditionality's, they encountered disastrous effects Airman, 2006).Social assistance spending dropped half somewhere in the range of 1980 and 1986, joblessness rose, day to day environments disintegrated, newborn child light, destitution levels expanded and even school pass rate dropped by half Airman, 20060) Not just poor creating nations had contingency's forced however even created countries like New Zealand encountered the fierceness of the Miff's Airman, 2006) SAP's were surrendered and the MIFF and World Bank propelled the Highly Indebted Poor nations Initiative (HIP) in 19 96 (Cheer, 2002).The HIP was executed to go about as a global alleviation instrument, so as to lessen reciprocal, multilateral and business obligation to a â€Å"sustainable level† in poor creating provinces (Cannot and Mammogram, 2009). The guideline objective was to pay off past commitments troubles and to guarantee that no poor nation through rebuilding was undermined, that would make them default on their obligation reimbursements (Cannot and Mammogram, 2009). At the end of the day, their central goal was to help in a specific way and afterward guarantee that the loan bosses moneylenders despite everything got their money!Just like the SAP's, the Hip's drive accompanied contingency's (Cohen, 2000). The qualification rules necessitated that a nation be poor, have no impractical obligation trouble and have a changed arrangements track record, all under the direction of the MIFF and the World Bank, obviously (Cohen, 2000). This qualification procedure was additionally forced with greater restriction's until a nation went to the â€Å"completion point† (George, 1994). The HIP was met with analysis in light of the fact that lone 30 nations profited under the HIP natural, and that the qualification procedure took too long making further peril poor creating nations (Cohen, 2000).The â€Å"one size fits all† idea was shockingly not working, since they neglected to address the main problems of the powerlessness of nations having the option to accommodate the essential needs of their residents Airman, 2006). Celebration activists compelled the MIFF and the World Bank with a request at the 68, with the mission to discount all obligation totally (Cohen, 2000). The improved HIP activity was then propelled and executed. The upgraded HIP activity was to give more grounded, quicker, more profound and more extensive obligation alleviation (Cohen, 2000). The 67 and two-sided lenders guaranteed 100% obligation help for exceptionally obligated poor nation s (Cohen, 2000).This was shockingly unfilled guarantees. Further fights and strain to â€Å"drop the debt† prompted Millennium Development Goals (MEG) being propelled in 2000, as a benchmark for estimating the decrease of destitution (Sofas, 005). Meg's were objectives set to destroy outrageous yearning and destitution, to accomplish widespread instruction, advance sexual orientation fairness and engage ladies, diminish youngster mortality, improve material wellbeing, battle HIVE/AIDS, jungle fever and different maladies, guarantee ecological maintainability and build up a worldwide organization for improvement (Sofas, 2005).In combination to this the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MIDI) was propelled

Meet UGA Near You - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Meet UGA Near You - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Meet UGA Near You Fall travel is quickly approaching! During this time of year admissions counselors leave their desks and offices behind and head out on the road forcollege fairs, college nights, high school visits, counselor programs and other recruitment events. This means you may be seeing UGA admissions staff on the road! Be sure to check our Meet UGA Near You page for a list of events we will be attending this fall. This page is updated weekly so check back regularly as we continue to plan travel and add events. Georgia students, if you are attending a PROBE fair you canregister your informationonline ahead of time! When you register online, you will be able to print out a bar code to take with you to the fair. College representatives will be able to simply scan your bar code to capture your information. This will prevent you from having to fill out a different information card for each college you speak to. While youre looking through travel schedules, consider looking up who the admissions counselor is for your school and sending a quick a message. Whether its just to say hello or to suggest places we visit while in your area, we love to hear from prospective students! Go Dawgs!

The Legacy of the Cold War - 1083 Words

The legacy of the cold war and the struggle between the USSR and the United States continued to flourish in large portions in developing countries. The two world powers had different ideologies and were in a battle for supremacy. The Cold War pitted an American led alliance against the Soviet Union divided the economical and political world into two major blocs. The cold war involved a contest of ideologies that intensified after the two great powers, America and the Soviet Union started competing for friendship from dozens of new sovereign states that had previously been colonial powers. The super powers really hunted to recruit the newly emerging nations to their side and, way of life. Each super power sought to convince the rest of the†¦show more content†¦The global competition between the Soviet bloc and the US bloc helped in training and providing arms and other assistance in order to help them stop the spread of communism. With the graining they got from the USSR, Egy pt was able to fight for the repossession of the Suez Canal and also for their own independence so as to protect their natural resources. In addition, the rivalry between the two super powers played out in most parts of developing countries in Africa an example is Angola which is in the Sub Saharan Africa. Angola became a battle ground for the two super powers. As the USSR and Cuba were busy arming and supporting the Angola government, the United States and South Africa were supporting the UNITA rebels. The superpowers in most cases supported the newly developed countries economically and in military and this exacerbated the civil war that rose up in the continent. Through military support and training they got from the two super powers, the newly developing countries were able to fight for their independence and freed themselves from their rule. The Cold War facilitated the independence of the Philippine Islands. The US granted the Philippines independence in 1946 by giving them military aid and training. Through the military training, the Philippines were able to fight for their independence and overthrow dictatorship.Show MoreRelatedLegacy of the Cold War736 Words   |  3 PagesLegacy of the Cold War The origins of the Cold War can be traced to the end of World War II. The global devastation wreaked upon several European nations during this martial conflict left only two superpowers in the world the United States and Russia. In many ways, these two countries although allied together during the Cold War were ideologically opposed to one another, for the simple fact that Russia was communist and the U.S. favored a capitalist economic system. This divergent ideology was responsibleRead MoreThe Political Legacy Of The Cold War1447 Words   |  6 Pagesinternational structure were World War I and World War II, the third was the Cold War. Though the Cold War did not end in a direct war, it caused the fall of the Soviet Union which shifted the world to a unipolar front – The United States of America. With the fall of the USSR, came the cementing of the United States geopolitical influence, new additions to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the continuation of military d evelopment and spending. The Cold War changed the course of many livesRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Cold War976 Words   |  4 Pages The Cold War was a unique war, nothing like the wars that had come before. It did not have a clear start, no real first battle to start the hostilities. It could be said that the Warsaw upraising in 1944 was the beginning, though what that symbolized was coming went unnoticed by the United States. It was not until two years later in 1946 that the United States finally realized that they had walked out of the fire World War II and into the frying pan of a new war (International). 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He called Andrei Sakharov, a human rights activist who was exiled to the closed city of Gorky, to tell him that his exile was over: The famous dissident and his wife could return home to Moscow. The very next year, Gorbachev pardonedRead MoreBiography of Mao Zedong 1284 Words   |  5 Pagescrafting the post-revolution policies known as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution (Joseph, 1986) which have left many critics arguing that the political and economic devastation those policies left are what define his legacy. Mao Zedong however, left a legacy that far outweighs the aforementioned argument. How Mao improved CHINA internally Mao Zedong’s most central passion was his insistence in the empowerment of the peasants. 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However, as a matter of fact, during that period of time, Vietnam War seemed to be necessary in against Communist party, and the Soviet UnionRead MoreThe Legacy of Ronal d Reagan: The Fortieth President of the United States716 Words   |  3 PagesThe fortieth elected president of the United States is none other than the great Ronald Reagan. Reagan left a legacy behind him and still to this day is considered one of the best presidents to serve our nation . Throughout Reagans life he accomplished many great feats such as being a two-term president, film and television actor, radio announcer, and the governor of California Ronald Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois to Jack and Nelle Reagan on February 6, 1911. Reagan’s father was a salesman

Sustainability Disclosure of the Company Essay - 1039 Words

AFA Assignment Group member: Yanyan Fan :16431392 Yang Zhang :16548131 To: financial director From: Yanyan Fan Yang Zhang Subject: Sustainability disclosure of the company Dear Sir: I am glad to write this report for you to use as ground to decide Orica’s future practices in disclosing sustainability information relates to our company’s operation. As the world’s largest provider of commercial explosives, blasting systems and blast based services, we care about people and the environment. We acknowledge our environmental, social and community obligations which contribute us to conduct our business in a sustainable manner. Orica’s commitment to†¦show more content†¦The legitimacy issues concerned Orica are contamination of sites, assessment and management of risks and recording any protective or remediation measures in product stewardship. To gain or maintain legitimacy ,we might rely on disclosure within our annual report. Unlike many other resources, legitimacy is a resource that the organisation is considered to be able to impact or manipulate through various disclosure-related strategies(Woodward et al.,1996). We disclose that during 2011, Botany Transformation Projects caused contamination of soil and groundwater, we regrets the contamination and are committed to implementing a range of remediation projects in order to make sure the planning and delivery of these projects meet the expectations of all stakeholders. Also, in 2010, a permit was obtained allowing the export of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) which was a waste by-product in the former solvent and plastic manufacturing plants. We update related disclosure in local newspapers including the Southern Courier (monthly) and the St George and Sutherland Shire Leader (quarterly) to seek community input and also produced a comprehensive suite of fact sheets providing the community with environmental science and technology involved in the project. 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Adaptive Physical Education by Steven Symes Free Essays

Adaptive Physical Education Games By Steven Symes, eHow Contributor Children with disabilities may not be able to participate to the fullest extent in a regular physical education class. Modified activities for children with disabilities can be employed either in a class with children who have no limitations or in a class composed entirely or students with disabilities. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Adaptive Physical Education by Steven Symes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Soccer * Soccer fields cover large areas, so decrease the size of the field to reduce the amount of movement required to play the game. If necessary, restrict running so players can participate by walking. Children who use a wheelchair can hold the ball on their laps while they move around the soccer field. Instead of using the traditional soccer ball, use a Nerf ball or other soft material ball to reduce the risk of injury. For children that have visual impairments, use goals that have an element that makes noise when the ball hits it, such as a bell. Basketball * Instead of using the traditional basketball, use different-size balls to make gripping the ball easier. Allow for two-handed dribble so students can maintain control of the ball. An adjustable basketball stand is helpful so the basket can be lowered when the students are first learning how to play the game. Also use larger basketball hoops to make scoring easier. A motion-activated beeper attached to the underside of the basketball hoop will help students with visual impairments know when to shoot the ball. Tennis * Use larger balls that do not fly as quickly through the air to slow down the game play. Remove the center net so students are able to play without constant interruption. Consider using a tee for students to serve the ball from. Allow disabled students to play in pairs with other students who assist in playing the game. For visually impaired students, brightly colored balls help them see the ball. Softball * Instead of traditional softballs and mitts, use balls and mitts with Velcro attached to them. Also use a bat that is larger than the traditional-size bat, making it easier for students to hit the ball. Shrink the size of the diamond so students do not need to run as far to the bases. For students in wheelchairs, use a tee instead of pitching the ball. Consider using balls that have built-in beepers to assist students with visual impairments. * ALEX Resume/CV Parsingwww. hireability. com/ALEX/ale HireAbility is the most accurate fastest! Fully hosted. Simple setup * The Perfect Golf Swing? PerfectConnectionGolfSwing. com Rebel PGA Instructor Claims He Can Add 20-30 Yards to Anyone’s Swing! * Resources for PE Teachingwww. peoffice. co. uk PE Schemes, Lesson Plans, PE Level Descriptors,Assessment,Free lessons * Calm Autism for Freewww. calmautism. com Improve behaviors and sensory issues with proven program Adaptive PE Activities * Adaptive physical education is designed to modify typical activities, addressing the individual needs and abilities of students with development delays or disabilities. The federal government mandates adaptive PE activities through the special education law USCA 1402 (25). Modifying typical activities for the atypical child is fairly easy and provides fun and exercise for all children. Basketball * To modify playing the game of basketball depends upon the particular disability. For students with motor skill delays such as hand-eye coordination, larger balls for easier manipulation can be used. Use a larger net size and consider lowering the height of the goal. Change the rules, such as to allow traveling or two-handed dribbling. Slow the pace and timing down. Students who use wheelchairs can either dribble from the chair with peers pushing the wheelchair—or allow them to carrying the ball in their lap as they hand-wheel down the court. Visually impaired students would benefit from an audio prompt such as a beeper ball or audio sound at the basket. Softball * Developmental delays will require you to modify the equipment used for students. Use Velcro balls and mitts to allow better success at catching a ball. Increase or decrease the size of the bats for better accuracy at hitting. Batting tees will increase the chance of making contact with the ball, especially in the early stages of learning the game. Scale back the size of the playing field and the distance between bases. Peer partner students, which increases success but is also beneficial for student awareness and understanding of disabilities. Changes rules such as tag-outs and increase the number of hitting attempts. Everyone-runs Kickball * Running, no matter your skill or speed, is a great cardio-workout. This version of kickball is fun for all students. The kicking team selects one person to kick and everyone on the team runs to the bases. The game can be scored one of two ways, either when the entire team crosses the home base or the traditional way of scoring each run before receiving three outs. The fielding team must get the ball and pass it to each and every team member and finally to the pitcher. Play stops when pitcher has the ball. Students can be peer partnered for running, fielding and pitching. References * PE Central: Adapted Physical Education * PE Central: Adapted Activities/Basketball * PE Central: Adapted Activities/Softball Resources * Heartland Area Education Agency: Adapted PE How to cite Adaptive Physical Education by Steven Symes, Essay examples

Unsymmetrical Bending free essay sample

Mount up a beam section on the vertical cantilever system and measure the cross sectional dimensions. 2. Set the position of a geometrical axis of the beam section at zero degree. 3. Start the bending test on the cantilever beam with the angular position 0 equals zero. 4. Add weights onto the hanger one by one. For L section, use loading. For Z section, loading : egg, egg, egg. Record the dial gauge readings at each stage of load. 5. Repeat the bending test at different angular positions of the applied load with an increment of 22. 0. Please properly show your calculations) Training on critical thinking (20 marks out of 100): 1. If two dial gauges are not placed at a right angle to each other as shown in Figure (a), justify whether the objectives of the experiment are still achieved. (8 marks) NAS. The objectives of the experiment can be still achieved, while it is necessary to do some substitution. Therefore this method is still work when placed two dial gauges at an arbitrary angle as long as the exact angle had been measured. We will write a custom essay sample on Unsymmetrical Bending or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the dial gauge may be not as sensitive as that of detecting the deflection Of section of interest if the gauges are not placed at a right angle. As a consequence, the result could not be derived easily and directly and the corresponding error are expected to be larger than former one. But, overall, it still works. 2. If the load is applied to the corner of the section as shown in Figure (b), criticize whether the objectives of the experiment are achieved. (12 marks) NAS, the objectives of this experiment cannot be achieved.Fifth load is applied to corner of the section, the overall result under this force is equivalent to the force with the same magnitude act on the shear enter and a moment couple. Therefore, the members will be twisted and create bending stress as well as shear stress at the same time. Furthermore, a normal stress will also be created since the degree of deformation in every two arbitrary sections is different. Also, the change of interior normal stress will create varied shear stress.

Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Essay Example

Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Essay Example Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Paper Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Paper History is often considered as a synonym for truth and certainty. But history is such an area of knowledge that poses a number of deterrents in our quest for knowledge as the knowers cannot discover the past forthwith. This so called remembering the past is no easy nut-it is a complex web rendered difficult to disentangle given that the historical event takes place in the past; it is gone and irrecoverable!. Thus to write a history a historian has to resort to his reason, and obviously the said historian will write the historical accounts in his native language only. Thus language and reason stand as pillars for creating the foundations of history. Reasoning is closely connected with emotion, sense perception and language. In fact language is at the very core of reasoning. Language is a vast unmapped territory fascinating our intelligence and casting spells on our reason. According to â€Å"Max Mueller, there can be no language without reason, and no reason without language†2. Through this essay I would like to elucidate the roles of language and reason in history. My essay will also inquire into if language and reason as ways of knowing can pervert a historical account from the path of truth? If a historian endeavours to explore the past, his step surely is to find out all the possible facts. Unless the historian makes an exact sense of the data, it is all absurd, as we know that the fact won’t speak for themselves. We must remember that the historian is an individual, not impregnable to bias, prejudice and discrimination. His history will be dependent on his particular interests, which are in turn, partially based on his culture. It is here where the crux of the problem lies. Like a geologists the historian too has to find the weak fossils print buried deep inside the earth. For example we get a number of baffling accounts behind the death of Alexander the Great. Different historians have written their accounts in different languages. Some opine that he died of malaria; others claim that he died of poisoning while many are of the view that he was assassinated at the palace of Nebuchadnezzar II in Babylon. Thus the historian has to be selective and he selects on the basis of his own paradigms. It is on these grounds that history is called an act of creation. And it is of critical importance to understand, in general terms, the basis on which any selection is made, and analyzed by the historian using his language and reason. Many historians wield their imaginative thinking or reason to write history but â€Å"is not memory fallible, evidence ambiguous and prejudice common3†? According to historian Barbara Tuchman, â€Å"Each man is a package of variables impossible to duplicate. His birth, his parents, his siblings, and the variables inherent in all of these, make up that mysterious compendium, personality-which then combines with another set of variables: country, climate, time and historical circumstance.† 4 Language is closely tied to ideas about human cognition and interaction with the world. Despite its importance, language is not the perfect medium of communication as it is governed by rules; it is intended, creative and open-ended. Moreover languages are not static entities; they change and develop over time. Problematic meanings can be found in every language. The words can be vague, ambiguous, secondary (the same word may have different detonation and connotation), metaphorical and ironical. Translation of a language into other is another stumbling block. There are around 3000 different languages in the world. Every language contains words that have no equivalent in other languages. So can language be considered as a cornerstone for the historians? As a child, I was mesmerized by wars. I read the most bewitching account of war in Homer’s Iliad where he talks about the legendary Trojan War. Was it a war or only a myth? Nothing can be said as Homer derived the epic poem from primeval sources. In the epic, Helen is limned as the most beautiful woman on earth while Achilles as the grandest warrior. Now what can we say as to the authenticity of Homer’s claims? Were the characters for real or it was his national bias to portray them as Hellenic legends? I read the Greek epic through translation only. Did the translator write the exact replication of Homer’s words, or he amalgamated the facts with his presumptions, giving them a hyperbolized touch? Is the epic not twice removed from reality then?

To Kill a Mockingbird Themes, Symbols, and Literary Devices

To Kill a Mockingbird Themes, Symbols, and Literary Devices To Kill a Mockingbird seems like a very simple, well-written morality tale at first glance. But underneath the easy markers of racism and heroism is a much more complex story. Your first hint is the sleight of hand author Harper Lee employs in the point of view, which is actually Jenna Louise Finch as an adult recounting her adventures as a child. The mature, grown-up perspective is buried under the rambunctious, naive perspective of her younger self so skillfully most readers forget that the story isn’t being narrated by a little kid. This allows Lee to explore her sub-themes of racism, justice, and innocence while masterfully dealing with her main theme: How our view of the world changes as we grow older. Maturation The story of To Kill a Mockingbird takes place over the course of several years, beginning when Scout is 6 years old and ending when she is close to 9 years old, and her brother Jem is 9 (though very close to being 10) in the beginning and is 13 or 14 by the end of the story. Lee uses the young age of the children to tease out many of the complexities in her themes; Scout and Jem are frequently confused about the motivations and reasoning of the adults around them, especially in the earlier sections of the novel. Initially, Scout, Jem, and their friend Dill make many incorrect assumptions about the world around them. They assume that Boo Radley is some sort of monster and ascribe near-supernatural powers to him. They assume that aunt Alexandra does not like them or their father. They assume that Mrs. Dubose is a mean old woman who hates children. And Scout in particular assumes that the world is a fair and honorable place. Over the course of the story, the children grow up and learn more about the world, and many of these initial assumptions are revealed to be incorrect. Lee explores the way that growing up and maturing into adults makes the world clearer while also less magical and more difficult. Scout’s rage against Mrs. Dubose or her teachers at school is simple and easy to comprehend, as is her terror of Boo Radley. Understanding the complexities underneath the behaviors she sees makes it more difficult to hate Mrs. Dubose or fear Boo, which in turn ties into the more obvious themes of racism, intolerance, and innocence in the story. The end result is that Lee connects racism with childish fears that adults ought not to experience. Prejudice There’s little doubt that To Kill a Mockingbird is concerned with racism and its corrosive effects on our society. Lee explores this theme with an initial subtlety; Tom Robinson and the crimes he is accused of are not explicitly mentioned until Chapter 9 in the book, and Scout’s understanding that her father, Atticus, is under pressure to drop the case and that his reputation is suffering because of it is developed slowly. Lee is not, however, solely concerned with racial prejudice. Rather, she explores the effects of prejudice of all kinds- racism, classism, and sexism. Scout and Jem slowly come to understand that all of these attitudes are incredibly harmful to society as a whole. Tom’s life is destroyed simply because he is a black man. Bob and Mayella Ewell, however, are also looked down upon by the town for their poverty, which is assumed to be due to their low class status and not to any sort of economic cause, and Lee makes it clear that they persecute Tom in part in order to assuage their own feelings of rage at the way they are treated, that racism is inextricably linked to economics, politics, and self-image. Sexism is explored in the novel through Scout and her constant battle to engage in behaviors she finds interesting and exciting instead of the behaviors that people like aunt Alexandra feel are more appropriate for a girl. Part of Scout’s development as a person is her journey from simple perplexity at these pressures to an understanding that society as a whole expects certain things from her solely due to her gender. Justice and Morality To Kill a Mockingbird is a surprisingly deft analysis of the differences between justice and morality. In the earlier parts of the novel Scout believes that morality and justice are the same thing- if you do wrong, you are punished; if you are innocent you will be fine. Tom Robinson’s trial and her observation of her father’s experiences teach her that there is often a stark difference between what is right and what is legal. Tom Robinson is innocent of the crime he is accused of, but loses his life. At the same time, Bob Ewell triumphs in the legal system but finds no justice either, and is reduced to drunkenly stalking children to compensate for being humiliated despite his victory. Symbols Mockingbirds. The title of the book references a moment in the story where Scout recalls Atticus warning her and Jem that killing mockingbirds is a sin, and Miss Maudie confirms this, explaining that Mockingbirds do nothing but sing- they do no harm. The mockingbird represents innocence- an innocence Scout and Jem slowly lose over the course of the story. Tim Johnson. The poor dog that Atticus shoots when it goes rabid has a name purposefully similar to Tom Robinson’s. The event is traumatic to Scout, and teaches her that innocence is no guarantee of happiness or of justice. Boo Radley. Arthur Radley is not so much a character as a walking symbol of Scout and Jem’s growing maturity. The way the children perceive Boo Radley is a constant marker of their growing maturity. Literary Devices Layered Narration. It can be easy to forget that the story is actually being told by a grown-up, adult Jenna Louise and not the 6-year-old Scout. This allows Lee to present the world in the stark black and white morality of a little girl while preserving the details whose significance would escape a child. Revelation. Because Lee restricts the point of view to Scout and what she directly observes, many details of the story are only revealed long after their occurrence. This creates an air of mystery for the reader that mimics the childish sense of not quite understanding what all the adults are up to.

Life is college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Life is college - Essay Example I further hoped that, through healthy relationships both with fellow students and the faculty, I would acquire great approach in learning and handling major courses in my field of choice. To me, being able to value relations with people, time, energy, besides personal abilities is an important duty if one aims for achieving real success. It was in my hope to meet different kinds of people with whom to share ideas or insights for I hoped as well to develop my communication skills and become an assertive and competent student through the span of my college life. Aside from fruitful interactions with other individuals, friends and colleagues alike, I also expected to have a rewarding experience with the academic facilities and resources of ISU, thinking of the possible ways I could utilize them to be equipped with adequate skills and knowledge toward scholastic excellence. On the other hand, however, I was anxious of encountering difficult subjects and instructors who might fall short at teaching the class with efficient tools and methods. I know the subject areas I am often weak at and I normally struggle to cope with subject matters that seem too technical or too analytical to comprehend. Inasmuch as I can, I would typically go an extra mile of studying and asking for all the help I can obtain to prepare myself for major exams and presentations. One of my greatest fears before was being left behind and failing to get by with the mental and emotional challenge of tertiary level studies. I feared loads of curricular assignments and take-home projects that could set me in conflict with time management and especially the potential to produce something that deserves an A. I thought that if I would not be able to interact sufficiently with people due to language barrier and other factors, I might find it hard to pass and finish college with grades that mu st make my parents proud. Now that I am in the eighth week of college at ISU, I must confess

Journal Entry Week 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Journal Entry Week 4 - Essay Example Due to these challenges, shifting their manufacturing base back to the North America seems better option. The most obvious gains would be in the form of savings in labor costs compared to present Chinese trend; savings in transportation, duties, supply chain risks, industrial real estate and other such costs. Automation and other such measures to reduce costs will further depreciate Chinese labor economy. Rising demand markets in the Asian and Chinese regions can be advantageous to the North American manufacturers. Considering the challenges posed by the Chinese labor market, shifting outsourcing base to other developing countries would be beneficial, but these countries lack required resources, skill, capacity, infrastructure, security, government support etc. The US adopted outsourcing culture many decades ago, which caused serious challenges for its citizens; yet, they emerged from these challenges only to be better innovators and, thus, rule the world. During last decade, China dominated the world nations in exports and manufacturing industry owing to its low labor cost and availability of high-end technology. However, the author argues that manufacturing potential in the US still remains higher than visible and its flexibility adds greater potential to its future. Analysts suggest that the cost of production in the US is likely to be same as that in China, or slightly higher. In order to meet profitability from their production industry, China may shift some work to its interior cities that offer lower labor costs; however, differential skill set will be scarce. Many evidences exist to believe about shift of production base from China and other countries back to America; however, large scale production still continues to be undertaken in China. Production competitors to China include other low-cost labor countries: Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia. Researchers

Classical Liberalism Essay -- Thomas Hobbs, John Locke

Definition ========== The ideology of classical liberalism is concerned with the conception of an ideal society. The term classical refers to the early form of liberalism that flourished for much of the nineteenth century. It sees human nature as essentially selfish but rational. Therefore the ideal society is one where individuals have maximum freedom to pursue their own interest in competition with everyone else. Origins ======= Origins of classical liberalism are derived from the break up of the feudal system, which allowed people more economic freedom and allowed possible the early growth of capitalism. The fusion of economic and political liberalism has produced a powerful doctrine that has influenced governments ever since. However before CL had fully matured, it was preceded by two opposing movement: Natural rights and utilitarianism. Natural Rights ============== This doctrine, developed by Thomas Hobbs and John Locke in the 16th and 17th century is fairly famous due to Hobbs unflatteringly described 'state of nature' which states without a rule of a sovereign body then society becomes a 'warà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦of every man against every man' which leaves life 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short'. It was argued by both that each man is born with certain rights, which are natural and cannot be denied to him by others. This includes the rights to life, liberty and to avoid pain. In order to protect these rights, man must also consent to accept control from a sovereign in order to protect these rights and if this is not accepted, they will be limited. (This could also be confused by description, as aut... ...re with the natural state of society with providing local services such as welfare and education that according to Spencer was tampering with the processes of nature. Samuel Smiles, a follower of Spencer, took this further and actually campaigned against welfare provision as it's up to individuals to make the best of their own lives according to their abilities without relying on others. Summary of Classical Liberal Ideas  · The most basic value that must be preserved in society is individual liberty  · The free working of the economic system is vital in maximising prosperity  · The state should play a minimal role in society  · Inequality is natural. Creating greater equality is an interference with nature  · On the whole, individuals are responsible for themselves and their own welfare

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

Prufrock Paralysis The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, written by T. S. Eliot, is a truly depressing poem. The poem concerns with a character (Prufrock) that can see and understand the values in life – love, joy, companionship, and courageousness – but is unable to act on his longings. The poem shows constant struggles of Prufrock’s uselessness. The worst part about his uselessness is that he is conscious of it. T. S. Eliot uses the theme of Paralysis, the incapacity to act, throughout the whole poem. Eliot uses the theme of paralysis to demonstrate Prufrock’s struggle his social, maybe even sexual, struggles.Prufrock is a middle-aged man, who seems to be going through a mid life crisis, and is afraid to commit to anything. He lives such a depressing life. From the start of the poem, the readers can see a sense of paralysis in Prufrock. â€Å"Like a patient etherized upon a table,†(603). Ether was once used as an anesthetic, which is a drug that pu ts patients to sleep for surgeries. The use of ether in line three has two different meanings to it. The first being how Prufrock views himself; he feels as if he cannot achieve anything, as if he is in a constant state of being etherized.The second use of â€Å"being etherized,† is that he incapable of relating to the beauty of the world, which is an immensely depressing thought to have. This is a constant struggle with Prufrock because he always feels as if he is not good enough. Beauty plays a crucial role in Prufrock’s paralysis. His constant thoughts of not being beautiful enough, and always feeling as people are judging him, make him feel not strong enough; thus leading to not being able to pursue anything. â€Å"With a bald spot in the middle of my hair – (They will say: ‘how is hair is growing thin! ’),†(604).The readers get a clear image of what Prufrock looks like. He is a somewhat of an old man. The readers can see from this quote how Prufrock has little to no confidence in himself at all. Look at the line â€Å"they will say,† this is a clear image of Prufrock’s fear of being judged. He does not feel good enough, which explains his reason for him to â€Å"Descend the stair,† (604). He descends the stair, because Prufrock is too nervous and does not feel youthful enough or beautiful enough to pursue any social activity. The use of questions throughout the poem shows Prufrock’s indecision.Eliot uses questions as a way to show how Prufrock escapes having to act with courage and decisiveness. â€Å"I grow old†¦I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled. Shall I part my hair behind? Do I dare to eat a peach? † (606). Here, the reader see’s that Prufrock knows he is getting old, and by saying he will wear his trousers rolled and part his hair, he wants to appear young. Appearing young to him, means being beautiful, thus being noticed by others. Prufrock has not mo tivation at all, and no confidence in himself. All of this contributes to his paralysis.Posing questions like â€Å"do I dare eat a peach† and â€Å"shall I part my hair to the side,† shows Prufrock accepting his flaws and in the end, making himself less motivated and somewhat depressed. A perfect example of Prufrock’s depression, lack of confidence, and absolutely no motivation at all, is when Eliot writes about mermaids. â€Å"I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each. I do not think that they will sing to me,† (607). Eliot presents a clear image of Prufrock recalling a time of listening to mermaids sing to each other, but not singing to him.Interesting how he believes that a fictional and mythological creature will not even notice him. Prufrock has zero self-confidence thinking that a mermaid will not bother to sing to him. This leads to his paralysis; If a fictional being will not even take the time to notice him, why waste time with humans? Asi de from beauty, the feeling of always being watched, judged, and analyzed plays a monumental role in Prufrock’s paralysis. Eliot uses an insect metaphor to illustrate how Prufrock feels judged by everyone all the time. And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin, when I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,†(605). The quote here shows an image of an insect being pinned up on a wall, ready to be inspected and analyzed. The insect metaphor used here reveals Prufrock’s state of misery. He sees himself as being painfully trapped by the thoughts of others, as if his actions are constantly being watched. Prufrock feels pressured to be accepted, and most of that pressure comes from him. Constantly thinking that he is not welcomed and not good enough for anybody. Do I dare disturb the universe,† (605). Eliot uses this question to depict a clear example of how Prufrock feels about himself, by stating that his presence disturbs the universe. This blends two fundament al ideas in the poem where Prufrock is, as usual, constantly being self-conscious of his own actions and what he thinks he is supposed to act in social gatherings. â€Å"Prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet,†(604). Prufrock believes that he must ‘prepare a face’ so that he can be accepted by the people is about to be around.Prufrock thinks being himself when meeting people is unacceptable, and in order to be socially accepted he must prepare himself to become someone he is not. All these factors restrict him, causing him to be in a greater state of paralysis. When one is drowning, they are downright hopeless. The same thing goes with paralysis; when one is in the state of paralysis, they are hopeless and cannot do anything. Eliot does a fantastic job creating an image of Prufrock drowning in a pool of criticism and judgment. â€Å"Till human voices wake us, and we drown,† (607).Here, the use of drowning is not literal, he is not drowning it water , but drowning from stress. The human voices wake up Prufrock to reality, and he cant handle it. One can only handle so much, and by the end of the poem Prufrock hits his limits, and drowns in his pool of uselessness. He convinces himself that he is not good enough, feeling people are judging his every move, and feeling criticized. As a result to all of this, the anxiety hits him hard. This finalizes his state of paralysis, and finally drowns from being overwhelmed. Eliot plays with minor themes like beauty, age, and women, to show Prufrock’s state of paralysis.Although Eliot’s poem about a depressed fictional character, it teaches the audience a lesson. By using themes and metaphors in his poem, Eliot makes a point of telling the audience that there is a Prufrock in everyone. It is not an easy task to live up to everyone’s expectations, let alone your own expectations. This is exactly the struggle we see Eliot’s character go through throughout the poem. He struggles to impress himself, and impress others. Prufrock has the incapacity to act on very simple things. He is too scared to confront women in social gatherings, he is too self-conscious, and he lacks motivation.Similar Prufrock no one is perfect. There will always be a point in time where one feels that they cannot do anything, whether its talking to women or convincing yourself that you are good enough. Everyone suffers a state of paralysis at some point in their lives, the hard part is how they over come it, but with Prufrock we see him â€Å"drown† in his paralysis. Works Cited Eliot, T. S. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. † Backpack Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. By X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2006. 603-07. Print.

Satire and Irony in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 546 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Huckleberry Finn Essay Mark Twain Essay Did you like this example? In Mark Twains novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, satire and irony are frequently used as a medium to portray his emotions towards issues related to society in that time period. Throughout the novel Twain ridicules multiple aspects of society, including the prevailing outlooks on religious hypocrisy and societal stereotypes to represent the social problems of the present time. Twains most prominent use of satire was with religion. Throughout the novel, he uses numerous scenarios to mock the beliefs of religion. Twain used the dispute between Shepherdsons and Grangerfords to blatantly satirize religion and expose the hypocrisy. Twain wrote, Next Sunday we all went to church about three mile, everyone a-horseback. The men took their gun and kept them between their knees or stood them handy against the wall(Twain 108). In Twains perspective, this feud is ridiculous and against moral common sense. The dispute was so long that the men forget why they started to bicker in the first place. Eventually, the men arrive to church and begin to pray to their God and soon after, they go to kill each other. This portrays that going to church to pray shows that it is more of a reputational aspect rather than a religious one that the men are worried about. Twain also uses Hucks experiences with Miss Watson to interpret satire within religion. Huck says, Miss Watson she too k me in the closet and prayed, but nothing come of it(Twain 15). Twain presents this to mock beliefs in Christianity. After not receiving what he wants when praying, Huck concludes that there is no reason behind praying to a God if nothing is received from it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Satire and Irony in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain" essay for you Create order When irony is depicted in the novel, it is most evident when Huck is stuck between to codes of ethics that conflict against each other: following the law and turning in Jim or sneaking behind it and saving him. Huck claims, I felt easy and happy and light as a feather right off. All my troubles was gone. I went to looking out sharp for a light, and sort of singing to myself(Twain 91). This line expresses how it would be much easier to obey the law and betray Jim by turning him in, but his loyalty to Jim creates a message to the reader reminding us that what is easy might not always be morally correct. Hucks sacrifice illustrates to the reader how he struggles with moral and identity dilemmas but in the end becomes stronger and mature through apologizing and making the most moral decision. The frivolous nature of the humor caused by the irony and satire fades and open the eyes of the reader as they are forced to encounter the urgent need for societal changes. The authors voice is portrayed especially when critiquing hypocrisies and major flaws that apply to society, social institutions, and individuals. Twains voice and search for identity helps the reader to deeply understand the message of choosing what is morally correct over what is easier. Hucks presentation as a character was the most dominant in the novel but when he truly reveals what he wants for himself in society, it is evident that he developed and matured wrapping up his wisdom learned through situations he conquered even when he tried to escape them.